American Lifeguard Practice Exam

What is the proper sequence for treating severe sunburn?

1. Apply ice directly, cover the area with a towel, and elevate the victim's legs

2. Cool the burned area, cover with sterile gauze, position to minimize shock

3. Apply ointment, expose the area to air, and give pain medication

4. Soak the area in cold water, expose to sunlight, and apply lotion

The correct answer is: Cool the burned area, cover with sterile gauze, position to minimize shock

The proper sequence for treating severe sunburn involves several critical steps designed to minimize pain and prevent further damage. Cooling the burned area is essential as it helps to reduce inflammation and soothe the skin. This can be done by using cool (not ice-cold) water or compresses, which helps to alleviate discomfort and lower skin temperature. After cooling the burned area, covering it with sterile gauze is important to protect the skin from infection and external irritation. This keeps the area clean while also allowing it to heal. Additionally, the positioning of the victim is crucial; laying down and elevating the legs can help prevent shock, which is particularly important in cases of severe sunburn where the body may react negatively due to significant pain or dehydration. Skipping or misapplying these steps, such as applying ice directly to the skin or exposing the burn to sunlight, can worsen the condition and lead to complications. Proper treatment prioritizes minimizing pain and protecting the skin as it heals, making this sequence very effective for managing severe sunburn.